Buy wholesale Phenacetin Crystal and Powder CAS 62-44-2

Phenacetin powder for sale. Buy wholesale Phenacetin Crystal and Powder CAS 62-44-2. Phenacetin (Acetophenetidin) is a non-opioid analgesic/antipyretic agent. Phenacetin is a selective COX-3 inhibitor. Phenacetin is used as probe of cytochrome P450 enzymes CYP1A2 in human liver microsomes and in rats.

Phenacetin (acetophenetidin, N-(4-ethoxyphenyl)acetamide) is a pain-relieving and fever-reducing drug, which was widely used following its introduction in 1887. It was withdrawn from medicinal use as dangerous from the 1970s (e.g., withdrawn in Canada in 1973, and by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration in 1983). Phenacetin powder for sale

History Phenacetin powder

Phenacetin was introduced in 1887 in Elberfeld, Germany by German company Bayer, and was used principally as an analgesic; it was one of the first synthetic fever reducers to go on the market. It is also known historically to be one of the first non-opioid analgesics without anti-inflammatory properties. Phenacetin powder for sale

Prior to World War One, Britain imported phenacetin from Germany. During the war, a team including Jocelyn Field Thorpe and Martha Annie Whiteley developed a synthesis in Britain. Phenacetin powder for sale

Known mechanism of action
Phenacetin’s analgesic effects are due to its actions on the sensory tracts of the spinal cord. In addition, phenacetin has a depressant action on the heart, where it acts as a negative inotrope. It is an antipyretic, acting on the brain to decrease the temperature set point. It is also used to treat rheumatoid arthritis (subacute type) and intercostal neuralgia. Phenacetin powder for sale

In vivo, one of two reactions occur. Usually phenacetin’s ether is cleaved to leave paracetamol (acetaminophen), which is the clinically relevant analgesic. A minority of the time the acetyl group is removed from the amine, producing carcinogenic p-phenetidine. This reaction is quite rare, however, as evidenced by the fact that the drug was on the market for almost 100 years before a statistical link was established, when Canada, followed by the United States, withdrew it from the market. Phenacetin powder for sale

Preparation Phenacetin powder
The first synthesis was reported in 1878 by Harmon Northrop Morse.

Phenacetin may be synthesized as an example of the Williamson ether synthesis: ethyl iodide, paracetamol, and anhydrous potassium carbonate are heated in 2-butanone to give the crude product, which is recrystallized from water. Phenacetin powder for sale

Uses of Phenacetin powder

Vicks cold tablets, containing: salicylamide, phenacetin 2½ grs., pyrilamine maleate, caffeine, ephedrine sulphate, magnesium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide complex (U.S. Pat. 2,446,981). That patent number is from 1948; these tablets would have been made shortly thereafter.
Phenacetin was widely used until the third quarter of the twentieth century, often in the form of an A.P.C., or “aspirin-phenacetin-caffeine” compound analgesic, as a remedy for fever and pain. An early formulation (1919) was Vincent’s APC in Australia. Phenacetin powder for sale

In the United States, the Food and Drug Administration ordered the withdrawal of drugs containing phenacetin in November 1983, due to its carcinogenic and kidney-damaging properties. It was also banned in India. As a result, some branded, and previously phenacetin-based, preparations continued to be sold, but with the phenacetin replaced by safer alternatives. A popular brand of phenacetin was Roche’s Saridon, which was reformulated in 1983 to contain propyphenazone, paracetamol and caffeine. Coricidin was also reformulated without phenacetin. Paracetamol is a metabolite of phenacetin with similar analgesic and antipyretic effects, but the new formulation has not been found to have phenacetin’s carcinogenicity. Phenacetin powder for sale

Phenacetin has been used as a cutting agent to adulterate cocaine in the UK and Canada, due to the similar physical properties. There, it has been given the nickname “magic”.

Due to its low cost, phenacetin is used for research into the physical and refractive properties of crystals. It is an ideal compound for this type of research. Phenacetin powder for sale

In Canada phenacetin is used as a laboratory reagent, and in a few hair dye preparations (as a stabilizer for hydrogen peroxide). While it is considered a prescription drug, no marketed drugs contain phenacetin. Phenacetin powder for sale

Safety Phenacetin powder

Phenacetin, and products containing phenacetin, have been shown in an animal model to have the side effect and after-effect of carcinogenesis. In humans, many case reports have implicated products containing phenacetin in urothelial neoplasms, especially urothelial carcinoma of the renal pelvis. Phenacetin is classified by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) as carcinogenic to humans. In one prospective series, phenacetin was associated with an increased risk of death due to urologic or renal diseases, death due to cancers, and death due to cardiovascular diseases. In addition, people with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency may experience acute hemolysis, or dissolution of blood cells, while taking this drug. Acute hemolysis is possible in the case of patients who develop an IgM response to phenacetin leading to immune complexes that bind to erythrocytes in blood. The erythrocytes are then lysed when the complexes activate the complement system. Phenacetin powder for sale

Chronic use of phenacetin is known to lead to analgesic nephropathy characterized by renal papillary necrosis. This is a condition which results in destruction of some or all of the renal papillae in the kidneys. It is believed that the metabolite p-phenetidine is at least partly responsible for these effects. Phenacetin powder for sale

One notable death that can possibly be attributed to the use of this drug was that of the aviation pioneer Howard Hughes. He had been using phenacetin extensively for the treatment of chronic pain; it was stated during his autopsy that phenacetin use may have been the cause of his kidney failure. Phenacetin powder for sale

 

Description	Phenacetin (Acetophenetidin) is a non-opioid analgesic/antipyretic agent. Phenacetin is a selective COX-3 inhibitor. Phenacetin is used as probe of cytochrome P450 enzymes CYP1A2 in human liver microsomes and in rats[1][2][3].
IC50 & Target	COX-3 102 μM (IC50)

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